Alicante
has three thousand years of history behind it, and to understand it, we must consider not only its present but also its past, to find out a little more about the idiosyncrasies of the city.
The first settlements in the area were based around the slopes of mount Benacantil, which occupied today by the castle of Santa Bárbara. Although no proof remains, historians believe the Iberians celts
fortified the hilltop. Another settlement was found in the area of Benalúa
, where the Roman city of Lucentum
was built, who were the predecessor of Alicante.
When the Moors arrived, most of the present-day city was built below the protection of the castle. The city was conquered in 1246 for the Castilian crown, and in 1308 Jaime II
incorporated Alicante in the Kingdom of Valencia. In 1490, the Catholic king, Ferdinand
gave Alicante its Charter,
and 100 years later it became the natural port of Castile, with a growing sea trade, which thankfully the economy of the area began to flourish and population expanded. Alicante became Spain's third largest trading port.
Alicante
has seen many wars and throughout its history, and because of its position on the coast, all the attacks were made from the sea. In 1691, during the reign of Charles II, the French Armada
bombarded the city for seven days. Alicante now became involved in the War of Spanish Succession (1701-14). It sided with the bourbons
and because of this, suffered greatly from the bombardment and destruction of the castle of Santa Bárbara by the English troops.
During 18th century, Alicante began to slowly recover after the destruction of all the previous wars, but during the 19th century, it expanded considerably. In 1858, and with the arrival of the railway, its links to the Centre of Spain
guaranteed its role as a port. giving it the air of a cosmopolitan city by the sea and welcoming maritime traffic. Today, Alicante is the second largest city in the province of Valencia, a fabulous location on the Costa Blanca, which is now an extremely popular tourist destination.