Over many centuries, Marrakesh has always been a desert oasis, military headquarters, a religious centre plus the playground of sultans. It is one of Morocco’s greatest cities, but it really began just as a watering hole for the local Berber tribes. It was just a little remote outpost before the Almoravid Berber leader Youssef bin Tashufin, founded what now became the city of Marrakesh in 1062 A.D.
Under Tashufin’s guidance, the city grew. A mosque was built and Marrakesh became the capital of the Almoravid Empire. Under the Almohads, Marrakesh developed into a luxurious Islamic city and very quickly became the centre of commercial power.
Marrakesh is known as the “red town” because of the distinctive Kasbah wall that surrounds the city’s medina.
During the 13th century, the Almoravid Empire lost Marrakesh to the Merenids . A period of decline followed and the city lost its prominent place in to Fez.
Marrakesh was mainly neglected during this reign. Over 300 years later, in 1522, the Saadians took control of Morocco. By this time Marrakesh was in ruins, but the Sultan established it as a new capital for the Saadian kingdom in 1551. A rich sugar trade funded new construction, and Mohammed Al Mahdi set about restoring the grandeur of Marrakesh.
During this period, magnificent structures like the Al Bedi Palace were built. It was also a remarkable period for Moroccan craftsmanship.
When Morocco became independent in 1956, the city became a haven for artists and activity. More than fifty years later, Marrakesh remains a very important city with its rich cultural history that now attracts visitors from all over the world.